When thinking about a cataract, you will imagine an older patient. That is true in most cases. But it does not mean that children cannot develop this condition. Even newborns and infants can be affected by this condition. And, children with cataracts need more attention than adults. Since their eyes are still developing, a cataract can affect the overall development process. Understanding the symptoms and seeking timely treatment are crucial.
What Is a Child or Paediatric Cataract?
Cataracts in children have the same symptoms as adults. The natural lens gets cloudy and prevents light from entering. Over time, it can cause complete vision loss. In some cases, this condition can be present at birth. This is called a congenital cataract. While it is quite rare, there is nothing to worry about. It is completely treatable. The condition is generally detected soon after birth. However, it may go unnoticed at times. The condition is later diagnosed when the child starts having difficulty seeing clearly.
In Bihar, there is limited awareness about pediatric and congenital cataract. As a result, treatments get delayed. It is crucial that the cataract is treated as soon as possible. Otherwise, the kid can develop a permanent visual impairment.
Causes of Cataract in Children
There are not many reasons behind cataracts in children. If your child has a cataract, chances are that it is because of one of these reasons.
- Genetic or hereditary factors
- Infections during pregnancy
- Premature birth
- Metabolic disorders
- Eye injury or trauma
- Certain childhood illnesses
In some cases, the cause of the cataract cannot be identified. However, that does not impact the effect and treatment.
Signs and Symptoms Parents Should Watch For
As a parent, you should always be vigilant. Even if your child cannot communicate the issue, you should look out for early signs of cataract symptoms. It will ensure that the cataract gets diagnosed in the initial stage.
- A white or grey reflection in the pupil is the most obvious symptom. If you notice anything, visit a doctor.
- When a child has a poor visual response, it is better to consult a doctor.
- Notice closely if your child is frequently rubbing just one eye. It could be a sign that your child is experiencing difficulty in seeing.
- Misaligned eyes or squint are a tell-tale sign that something is wrong with the eye.
Always pay attention to small behavioural patterns. If you notice anything, consult a doctor immediately. Never delay cataract treatment as it can have a significant impact on vision.
Is Surgery Necessary for Child Cataract?
Unlike age-related cataracts, cataracts in children usually cannot be managed with glasses or medicines alone. Child cataract surgery is often the most effective treatment, especially when the cataract interferes with vision.
The timing of surgery is critical. If surgery is delayed, the brain may not learn to see properly, leading to a condition called amblyopia or “lazy eye”. Early surgical intervention gives the best chance for normal visual development.
How Child Cataract Surgery Is Performed
Child cataract surgery is different from adult cataract surgery and requires specialised expertise. The procedure involves removing the cloudy lens from the child’s eye. Depending on the child’s age and condition, vision correction may be provided using:
- Intraocular lens implantation
- Contact lenses
- Glasses after surgery
The surgery is usually performed under general anaesthesia to ensure the child remains comfortable and still during the procedure.
Post-Surgery Treatment and Visual Rehabilitation
Surgery alone is not the end of cataract treatment in children. Post-operative care and visual rehabilitation are equally important. This phase may include:
- Regular use of prescribed eye drops
- Follow-up eye examinations
- Vision correction with glasses or contact lenses
- Patching therapy for lazy eye, if required
In Bihar, many families face challenges in maintaining long-term follow-ups. However, consistent post-surgery care is essential to achieve the best visual outcome.
Role of Early Detection and Parental Awareness
Early detection plays a key role in successful cataract treatment in children. Newborn eye screening and routine eye check-ups during early childhood can help identify cataracts at an early stage.
Parents should be encouraged to seek eye evaluation even if the child appears healthy. Awareness about childhood cataract is particularly important in rural and semi-urban areas, where access to specialised eye care may be limited.
Long-Term Outlook for Children After Cataract Treatment
With timely surgery and proper follow-up, many children can achieve useful vision and lead normal, independent lives. However, the outcome depends on several factors, including:
- Age at the time of surgery
- Severity of the cataract
- Consistency of post-operative care
- Presence of other eye conditions
Regular monitoring is often required throughout childhood to ensure stable vision.
Importance of Access to Paediatric Eye Care in Bihar
Bihar has a large child population, making paediatric eye health a significant concern. Improving awareness, encouraging early diagnosis, and ensuring access to appropriate cataract treatment in children can prevent avoidable childhood blindness.
Parents, caregivers, and healthcare workers must work together to identify vision problems early and seek timely treatment.
Wrapping Up
Treatment for motiyabind in children is a long-term commitment. They require careful planning and preparation. While the diagnosis can be worrying for parents, modern treatment methods offer excellent outcomes when managed properly. Early intervention, consistent follow-up, and parental involvement are the foundations of successful cataract treatment in children.
Ensuring clear vision during childhood not only improves eyesight but also supports a child’s overall growth, education, and quality of life.
